## [Model Verification](/model-verification-0) Definition Process of checking that a computational implementation correctly and accurately solves the intended mathematical model, free of coding mistakes, numerical errors, or algorithmic inconsistencies. ## Principle Principle Demonstrate that the numerical methods and code reproduce known solutions, converge with resolution, and satisfy conservation or consistency properties; use unit tests, manufactured solutions, and code reviews. ## Demonstration Demonstration A finite-element heat-transfer solver is verified by reproducing an analytic temperature distribution and by demonstrating expected convergence rates as the mesh is refined. ## Misapplication Misapplication Treating successful verification as proof the model represents reality, skipping verification because the results 'look reasonable', or using ad hoc checks that do not exercise critical code paths. ## Consequence Consequence Proper verification reduces the risk of undetected implementation errors, provides reproducible tests that guard against regressions, and increases confidence in subsequent validation and uncertainty analysis. ## Reversal Reversal Failure of verification exposes coding or numerical flaws that invalidate any conclusions drawn from the implementation; confusing verification with validation leads to misplaced trust. ## Boundary Boundary Verification addresses correctness of the implementation relative to the mathematical specification; it does not test the adequacy of the model form, parameter choices, or real‑world predictive ability. ## Semantic Tension Semantic Tension Tension arises with validation and calibration when terminology is loose; verification is often mistaken for validation or omitted under time pressure. ## Synthesis Synthesis Model verification is the systematic assurance that the code and algorithms faithfully solve the stated mathematical model, forming the technical foundation for later validation and analysis.